Mutations of PTCH1 gene in two pedigrees with bifid rib-basal cell nevus-jaw cyst syndrome / 浙江大学学报·医学版

Two male patients with bifid rib-basal cell nevus-jaw cyst syndrome (BCNS) were admitted to Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College due to radiological findings of multiple low density shadows in the jaw. Clinical and imaging findings showed thoracic malformation, calcification of the tentorium cerebellum and falx cerebrum as well as widening of the orbital distance. Whole exon high-throughput sequencing was performed in two patients and their family members. The heterozygous mutations of c.C2541C>A(p.Y847X) and c.C1501C>T(p.Q501X) in PTCH1 gene were detected in both patients. Diagnosis of BCNS was confirmed. The heterozygous mutations of PTCH1 gene locus were also found in the mothers of the two probands. Proband 1 showed clinical manifestations of low intelligence, and heterozygous mutations of c.C2141T(p.P714L) and c.G3343A(p.V1115I) were detected in FANCD2 gene. Proband 2 had normal intelligence and no FANCD2 mutation. The fenestration decompression and curettage of jaw cyst were performed in both patients. Regular follow-up showed good bone growth at the original lesion, and no recurrence has been observed so far.

Basal cell nevus syndrome with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a case report / 华西口腔医学杂志

Basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS), also known as Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease. It is thought to be caused by a mutation in the PTCH1 gene, and its incidence is 1/57 000 to 1/256 000. The case of a 7-year-old patient with BCNS and Duchenne muscular dystrophy was reported in this paper.

Diagnóstico precoce e tratamento da síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz: acompanhamento de oito anos / Diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento del síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz: seguimiento de ocho años / Early diagnosis and treatment of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome: eight-year follow-up

RESUMO Introdução: A síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz, conhecida também como síndrome do Carcinoma Basocelular Nevóide, é um transtorno hereditário autossômico dominante de alta penetrância e expressividade variável. Foi primeiramente descrita por Jarisch em 1894 e, em 1960 Gorlin e Goltz relacionaram o conjunto de doença de casos anteriormente relatados na literatura, concluindo que se tratava de uma síndrome caracterizada por uma tríade (carcinomas basocelulares, queratocistos odontogênicos múltiplos e anomalias esqueléticas). Atualmente, sabe-se que um amplo espectro de outras manifestações sistêmicas pode estar presente como neurológicas, oftálmicas, genitais, cardiovasculares e endócrinas. Objetivo: O presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar um caso clínico de síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz com proservação de oito anos, bem como destacar a importância do Cirurgião-Dentista no diagnóstico precoce e tratamento da síndrome. Caso clínico: Paciente 10 anos, sexo masculino, compareceu em fevereiro de 2004 ao Serviço de Estomatologia e Cirurgia Bucomaxilofacial da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Felix, Bahia, Brasil, acompanhado de sua avó, que relatava a seguinte queixa: "Os dentes do meu neto estão tortos". Ao exame físico foi observado aumento do volume do lado direito da face, hipertelorismo, base nasal larga, bossa frontal, leve prognatismo mandibular e dedos dos pés encurtados. Ao exame físico intrabucal foram identificados dentes fora de posição e desvio de linha média. O paciente foi acompanhado por 8 anos e, durante este tempo, foram realizados exames imaginológicos observando grandes áreas de lesões radiolúcidas com recidiva. O diagnóstico conclusivo de Queratocisto Odontogênico foi então comprovado no exame histopatológico, a hipótese diagnóstica de síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz foi então confirmada. O paciente foi encaminhado para avaliação genética e atualmente encontra-se em proservação na Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Bahia. Conclusão: É essencial o acompanhamento multidisciplinar e a longo prazo nos casos dessa síndrome, oferecendo melhor qualidade de vida a esses pacientes(AU)

RESUMEN Introducción: El síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz, conocido también como síndrome del carcinoma basocelular nevoide, es un trastorno hereditario autosómico dominante de alta penetración y expresividad variable. En 1960, Gorlin y Goltz relacionaron el conjunto de enfermedades de casos con anterioridad informados en la literatura, y concluyeron que se trataba de un síndrome caracterizado por una tríada (carcinomas basocelulares, queratocistos odontogénicos múltiples y anomalías esqueléticas). Actualmente, se conoce que un amplio espectro de otras manifestaciones sistémicas puede estar presente, como neurológicas, oftálmicas, genitales, cardiovasculares y endocrinas. Objetivo: describir un caso clínico de síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz con seguimiento de ocho años, así como destacar la importancia del dentista en el diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento del síndrome. Caso clínico: Paciente de 10 años, de sexo masculino, acudió en febrero de 2004 al Servicio de Estomatología y Cirugía Maxilofacial de la Santa Casa de Misericordia de São Félix, Bahia, Brasil, acompañado de su abuela, que refería: "Los dientes de mi nieto están torcidos". En el examen físico se observó aumento del volumen del lado derecho de la cara, hipertelorismo, base nasal ancha, bóveda frontal, leve prognatismo mandibular y dedos de los pies acortados. En el examen físico intrabucal se identificaron dientes fuera de posición y desviación de línea media. El paciente tuvo seguimiento por ocho años y durante este tiempo se realizaron exámenes imaginológicos en los que se observaron grandes áreas de lesiones radiolúcidas con recidiva. El diagnóstico conclusivo de queratocisto odontogénico fue comprobado en el examen histopatológico; la hipótesis diagnóstica del síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz fue entonces confirmada. El paciente fue dirigido para evaluación genética y actualmente se encuentra en seguimiento en la Universidad Estadual de Feira de Santana, Bahia. Conclusiones: Es esencial el seguimiento multidisciplinario y a largo plazo en los casos de este síndrome, a fin de ofrecer mejor calidad de vida a esos pacientes(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, also known as nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder of high level penetrance and variable expressiveness. In 1960 Gorlin and Goltz listed the disease cases previously reported in the literature, concluding that it was a triad syndrome (basal cell carcinomas, multiple odontogenic keratocysts and skeletal anomalies). It is now known that a broad spectrum of other systemic manifestations may be present, such as neurological, ophthalmic, genital, cardiovascular and endocrine. Objective: Describe a clinical case of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome and its eight-year follow-up, and highlight the importance of the dentist in the early diagnosis and treatment of the syndrome. Case report: A 10-year-old male patient attended the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Service of Santa Casa de Misericordia Hospital in Sao Felix, Bahia, Brazil, in February 2004, accompanied by his grandmother, who reported that her grandson's teeth "were crooked". Physical examination revealed an increase in the volume of the right side of the face, hypertelorism, broad nasal base, frontal bossing, mild mandibular prognathism and shortened toes, whereas oral examination found ill-positioned teeth and midline deviation. The patient was followed up for eight years, and during this time imaging tests were performed which showed large areas of recurrent radiolucent lesions. Diagnosis of odontogenic keratocyst was verified by histopathological examination, confirming the diagnostic hypothesis of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome. The patient was referred for genetic evaluation and is currently being followed up at the State University of Feira de Santana, Bahia. Conclusions: Multidisciplinary long-term follow-up is essential in cases of this syndrome to improve the quality of life of patients(AU)

Carcinoma escamocelular de labio superior en paciente con síndrome nevoide basocelular. Reporte de caso clínico / Upper-Lip Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Patients with Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome. A Clinical Case Report

Antecedentes: El síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz, o síndrome nevoide de células básales (SNCB), es un trastorno autosómico dominante de baja incidencia. Su etiología se relaciona con una mutación en el gen PTCH y afecta los sistemas esquelético, oftalmológico y neurológico. Su prevalencia es de 1:60.000 y las mutaciones de novo se presentan aproximadamente en un 20 % a 30 % de los casos. Objetivo: Describir el proceso diagnóstico y manejo de un caso de esporádica presentación de una paciente con SNCB con carcinoma escamocelular (CEC) en labio superior. Descripción del caso: Se trató de una mujer de 58 años, quien asistió a consulta odontológica por motivos estéticos y funcionales. Se encontró un CEC (confirmado por inmunohistoquímica) asintomático delimitado en el lado izquierdo del labio superior, con erosiones de color rojizo y costra. No se encontraron linfoadenopatías asociadas. También evidenció fisuras palmoplantares y múltiples carcinomas basocelulares en la espalda y el dorso de la mano izquierda (con antecedentes familiares similares). Radiográficamente, no se observaron queratoquistes mandibulares que usualmente se asocian con el síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz. Conclusiones: Se diagnosticó SNCB en la paciente, pues presentaba dos criterios mayores (dos o más CBC y piqueteado palmoplantar) y dos menores (calcificación laminar de la hoz del cerebro y antecedente de fibromas ováricos). El tratamiento odontológico se planeó y se remitió a la paciente a la institución pertinente para manejar su condición sistémica.

Background: Gorlin-Goltz syndrome or nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) is an autosomal dominant disorder with low incidence. The etiology' is associated with a PTCH gene mutation and affects the skeletal, ophthalmic and neurological systems. The prevalence is 1:60,000 and de novo mutations occur approximately in 20% to 30% of the cases. Objective: To describe the diagnosis and management process for a rare case of a NBCCS patient who developed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the upper lip. Case Description: The patient is a 58 year-old woman who attended to the dental office for aesthetic and functional reasons. An asymptomatic SCC was found (confirmed after immunohistochemical evidence) with defined limits to the left of the upper lip. It showed reddish erosions and some scab. No associated lymphadenopathies were found. The patient had some plantar foot fissures and multiple carcinoma basal cells in the back and in the left hand dorsum (with similar family previous cases). No maxillary keratocyst were observed in the radiographs, notwithstanding they are always associated with the Gorlin-Goltz syndrome. Conclusions: The patient was diagnosed with NBCCS based on two main criteria (two or more SCC lesions and plantar foot fissures) and two mild criteria (laminar calcification in the cerebral falx and family background of ovarian fibromas). A dental treatment was designed, and the patient was referred to another institution for a systemic treatment of her disease.

Síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz: una presentación atípica / Gorlin - Goltz syndrome: a non typical presentation

El síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz o síndrome de carcinoma de nevo baso celular es un desorden autosómico dominante caracterizado principalmente por múltiples carcinomas baso celular, queratoquistes y defectos del desarrollo. El queratoquiste odontogénico es una de las lesiones más constantes de este síndrome y con localización en el seno maxilar, se presenta habitualmente de manera asintomático y como hallazgo en exámenes radiológicos, sin embargo, puede presentarse de forma atípica, dando sintomatología secundaria a la compresión de estructuras vecinas, ya sea oculares o en la región facial. Además se debe realizar la evaluación genética y estudio de toda la familia. El tratamiento quirúrgico realizado por equipo con experiencia en este territorio anatómico, debe ser el menos agresivo considerando su alta tasa de recurrencia local.

The Gorlin - Goltz syndrome carcinoma or basal cell nevus syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized mainly by multiple baso cellular carcinoma, queratocysts and developmental defects. The odontogenic queratocyst is one of the most constant injuries of this syndrome and localization in the maxillary sinus, usually presenting asymptomatic and as a finding in radiological exams, however, may present atypically , giving symptoms related to compression neighboring structures either eye or facial region. In addition it should be performed genetic evaluation and study of the whole family. The surgical treatment performed by experienced team in this anatomical area, should be the least aggressive considering the high rate of local recurrence.

Síndrome Gorlin-Goltz asociado a fisura labiopalatina bilateral / Gorlin-Goltz syndrome associated with bilateral cleft lip and palate

El síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz corresponde a un trastorno de herencia autosómica dominante. Uno de los criterios menores de este síndrome es la fisura labiopalatina. Si bien esta corresponde a la anomalía congénita maxilofacial más prevalente, un porcentaje variable está asociado a síndromes. Presentar un caso de un paciente con síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz y fisura labiopalatina bilateral asociada constituye el propósito de esta presentación. Se trata de un paciente de 12 años de edad, con diagnóstico de síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz remitido por genetista. Clínicamente presenta anomalías cutáneas, óseas, dentarias, neurológicas, tumores, hoyuelos palmoplantares, prognatismo mandibular y fisura labiopalatina bilateral operada. Es importante reconocer las características asociadas no solo al área craneofacial, sino también a otras partes del cuerpo. Se requiere de la atención de un equipo multidisciplinario en el que el odontólogo también debe participar. La mayoría de las publicaciones se enfocan solo en el manejo quirúrgico de los quistes y no en el de otras secuelas asociadas, como lo es la fisura labiopalatina(AU)

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome is an autosomal dominant inheritance disorder. Cleft lip and palate is one of the minor criteria for this syndrome. Cleft lip and palate is the most prevalent congenital maxillofacial anomaly, and a varying percentage is associated with syndromes. Present the case of a patient with Gorlin-Goltz syndrome and associated bilateral cleft lip and palate. A 12-year-old male patient was referred by the geneticist with a diagnosis of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome. Clinical examination revealed skin, bone, dental and neurological anomalies, as well as tumors, palmoplantar pits, mandibular prognathism and operated bilateral cleft lip and palate. It is important to examine not only features associated with the craniofacial region, but also with other parts of the body. An interdisciplinary team is required of which the odontologist should be a member. Most publications only refer to the surgical management of cysts and not to associated sequels, such as cleft lip and palate(AU)

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome: case report and review of literature

Description of a case report of Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome diagnosed in a male newborn who presented increased head circumference and bifid ribs. Mother and grandmother presented typical physical findings of the syndrome, including palmar pits, odontogenic cysts, and history of multiple skin cancer resections. The diagnosis was based on clinical findings of three relatives. A literature review is also presented.

Happle-Tinschert Syndrome: Report of a Case with Hemimegalencephaly

Happle-Tinschert syndrome is a disorder causing unilateral segmentally arranged basaloid follicular hamartomas of the skin associated with ipsilateral osseous, dental and cerebral abnormalities including tumors. Although a case with hemimegalencephaly was previously described, this is the first report of Happle-Tinschert syndrome with discrepant short left leg, ipsilateral skin lesions, hemimegalencephaly and frontal polymicrogyria.

Síndrome de gorlin: reporte de un caso / Gorlin syndrome: a case report

INTRODUCCIÓN: El Síndrome de Gorlin o síndrome del nevo basocelular es una enfermedad hereditaria autosómica dominante, caracterizada por anomalías del desarrollo y predisposición a carcinomas basocelulares múltiples, que constituyen uno de los aspectos más preocupantes de esta patología. Pese a su baja prevalencia y manejo por especialistas, es importante para los médicos generales tener los conocimientos necesarios para identificar y derivar lesiones sospechosas de carcinoma basocelular. PRESENTACIÓN DEL CASO: Mujer previamente sana que a los 28 años de edad debuta con dos nevus basocelulares faciales confirmados histológicamente. En la anamnesis y el examen físico se observan prominencias frontales, implantación amplia de la nariz, pits palmares, hipertelorismo, quistes de millium y quistes odontogénicos, con lo que se llega al diagnóstico de síndrome de Gorlin. Se realiza seguimiento durante 13 años identificándose y confirmándose histopatológicamente 14 nevus basocelulares nodulares infiltrantes. DISCUSIÓN: El síndrome de Gorlin tiene una prevalencia estimada en 1/57.000 habitantes. Posee penetrancia variable por lo que no todos los pacientes tienen el antecedente familiar. Para su diagnóstico se han definido criterios mayores, de los cuales la paciente cumple cuatro: carcinomas basocelulares múltiples, quistes odontogénicos, pits palmares y calcificación de la hoz del cerebro; y criterios menores. El tratamiento de los carcinomas basocelulares múltiples essimilar al de las lesiones aisladas, sin embargo, por tratarse de una enfermedad multisistémica es necesario un manejo multidisciplinario de las alteraciones esqueléticas, odontológicas, neurológicas y genitourinarias. Asimismo, se debe enfatizar en la fotoprotección y educación del paciente para la detección de lesiones cutáneas sospechosas.

INTRODUCTION: Gorlin syndrome or nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome is a hereditary autosomal dominant condition characterized by developmental anomalies and predisposition to multiple basal cell carcinomas, which are the most worrying aspects of the disease. Despite its low prevalence and specialized management, it is important for general physicians to be able to identify and refer suspicious lesions of basal cell carcinoma.CASE REPORT: A 28 year-old female, without relevant medical history, presented with two facial basal cell carcinomas histologically confirmed. Physical examination evidenced frontal bossing, a broad nasal root, hypertelorism, millia and odontogeniccysts, which comprise the diagnosis of Gorlin syndrome. 13-year follow-up identified 14 infiltrating nodular basal cell carcinomas. DISCUSSION: Gorlin syndrome has an estimated prevalence of 1 per 57.000 people. It has variable penetrance, therefore not all patients have a compatible family history. Major criteria have been established for its diagnosis, from which our patient fulfills four of them: multiple basal cell carcinomas, odontogenic cysts, palmar pits and calcification of the falx cerebri; and several minor criteria. Treatment of multiple basal cell carcinomas is similar to isolated lesions, however, as a multisystemic disease requires a multidisciplinary management of skeletal disorders, dental, neurological and genitourinary manifestations. Photoprotection and patient education for detection of suspicious skin lesions should be emphasized.

Descompresión quirúrgica de grandes lesiones maxilares: reporte de casos clínicos / Surgical decompression of large jaw injury: clinical case report

Existen lesiones de considerable tamaño ubicadas tanto en el maxilar como en la mandíbula que constituyen una entidad propia con típicos hallazgos histopatológicos. Este tipo de lesiones son localmente agresivas y presentan una frecuente tendencia recidivante como lo son por ejemplo los tumores odontogénicos quísticos queratinizantes El tratamiento de los mismos sigue siendo controversial. Como conceptos terapéuticos están la marsupialización, la resección de las lesiones de gran tamaño y la descompresión quirúrgica de las mismas, siendo este último en particular el objeto de estudio del presente trabajo. Se presentan dos casos de pacientes con Síndrome de Nevus de Células Basales (también conocido como Síndrome de Gorlin - Goltz) el cual es un desorden autosómico dominante en el que aparecen múltiples alteraciones, las más frecuentes son la presencia de carcinomas de células basales en piel, los Tumores Odontogénicos Quísticos Queratinizantes en los huesos maxilares y otras alteraciones óseas, en dichos casos se valora la importancia de la historia clínica, el examen radiológico y tomográfico, el estudio histopatológico y el papel del odontólogo, ya que su diagnóstico se puede establecer en base a los tumores odontogénicos quísticos queratinizantes que se encuentren y a la interconsulta con médicos especialistas y a estudios complementarios como la radiografía de tórax. El tratamiento que se utilizó en ambos casos fue realizado en dos fases, en una primera etapa se realizó la descompresión quirúrgica de la lesión con el fin de evitar complicaciones tales como fracturas mandibulares, lesiones a dientes y estructuras vecinas; posteriormente se llevó a cabo la enucleación total en conjunto con la osteotomía periférica.

There are considerably big lesions, located in the maxilla and jaw that constitutes an entity with typical histological characteristics. These lesions are locally aggressive and have an important tendency to recidivate, for example, keratinizing odontogenic cystic tumors. The treatment of this entity continues being controversial. As therapeutic options marsupialization, resection of big lesions and surgical decompression has been used, being the last one particularly the subject of study in this work. Two cases of patients with basal cell nevus syndrome are presented, known as Gorlin Goltz syndrome too, which is an autosomal disorder characterized by multiple alterations, the more common are the presence of nevoid basal cell carcinoma in skin, keratinizing odontogenic cystic tumors in the maxilla and jaw, and other bone alterations. In this cases the clinic history or anamnesis, radiologic and tomographic studies, histopathological study and the dentist role are highly valued because diagnostic can be established studying the keratinizing odontogenic cystic tumors, consultation with other specialists and studying complementary studies like thoracic radiography. The treatment performed in both cases was biphasic; first phase consisted in surgical decompression of lesion to avoid complications like mandibular fracture, tooth lesions and neighbor structures damage, after that in the second phase enucleation of the lesion was made with peripheral osteotomy.

Avaliação dos parâmetros clínico, histopatológico e imunoistoquímico dos tumores odontogênicos queratocísticos associados ou não à Síndrome do Carcinoma basocelular nevóide / Evaluation of clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemistry parameters of Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor associated or not with Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome

Introdução. O Tumor Odontogênico Queratocístico (TOQC) é uma lesão de origem odontogênica que se apresenta exclusivamente nos ossos gnáticos e possui alto potencial de agressividade local. Pode estar associado à Síndrome do Carcinoma Nevóide Basocelular (SCNBC), que se caracteriza por apresentar inúmeras alterações de desenvolvimento, múltiplos carcinomas basocelulares (CBCs) além de anormalidades esqueléticas. Cerca de 65 a 100% dos pacientes com a síndrome podem apresentar múltiplos TOQCs. Objetivo. Avaliar e correlacionar os achados clínicos, histopatológico e expressão imunoistoquímica (IQ) dos marcadores de prognóstico (p53 e ki-67) e de histogênese tumoral (Citoqueratinas 14, 17 e 19) em TOQCs associados ou não à SCNBC diagnosticados entre 1970 e 2009 no Hospital AC Camargo, São Paulo. Pacientes e Métodos. Estudo retrospectivo em que foram avaliados 74 pacientes, 60 não portadores da SCNBC (Grupo 1) e 14 portadores da SCNBC (Grupo 2). Os dados clínicos dos pacientes foram obtidos a partir dos prontuários médicos e sumarizados em fichas clínicas padronizadas para o estudo. Os pacientes do Grupo 1 apresentaram 61 TOQCs primários e 15 TOQCs recorrentes. O Grupo 2 apresentou 31 TOQCs primários e 8 recorrentes. Resultados. No Grupo 1, houve predomínio de pacientes nas 3ª e 4ª décadas de vida e no Grupo 2, na 2ª década (p = 0.02). De acordo com o sexo, houve predileção pelas mulheres em ambos os Grupos (53,33% no Grupo 1 e 64,29% no Grupo 2). A mandíbula foi mais frequentemente acometida nos dois Grupos (81,96% no Grupo 1 e 58,06% no Grupo 2).

Contudo, a discrepância em relação à distribuição entre mandíbula e maxila foi menor no Grupo 2 (p = 0.009). O padrão radiográfico multilocular foi mais frequente no Grupo 1 (39,34%) e unilocular no Grupo 2 (48,39%) (p = 0.008). A associação de enucleação e curetagem foi frequentemente realizada em ambos os Grupos (55,74% no Grupo 1 e 96,78 no Grupo 2). A taxa de recorrência foi de 21,31% no Grupo 1 e 22,58% no Grupo 2. As manifestações clínicas mais comuns dos pacientes com SCNBC foram CBCs, calcificação da foice cerebral e pits palmares. De acordo com a análise imunoistoquímica dos marcadores CQ 14, CQ 17, CQ 19, p53 e ki-67, não foram observadas diferenças no padrão de expressão entre os Grupos de TOQCs avaliados. Conclusões. Os TOQCs associados à SCNBC acometem mais frequentemente indivíduos do sexo feminino e em idade mais precoce do que os TOQCs esporádicos. Múltiplos TOQCs foram frequentemente observados em pacientes sindrômicos e consequentemente houve menor discrepância em relação à distribuição entre mandíbula e maxila. O aspecto radiográfico unilocular é mais frequente em TOQCs associados à SCNBC e multilocular em TOQCs esporádicos. As taxas de recorrências foram similares em TOQCs associados e não associados à SCNBC.

Introduction. Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) is a lesion of odontogenic origin which arise exclusively in gnatic bones and demonstrates high potential of local aggressiveness. KCOT may be associated with Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome (NBCCS) which is characterized by development defects, multiple basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and skeletal anomalies. Around 65 to 100% of patients with NBCCS present multiple KCOT affecting jaws. Objective. Evaluate clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of prognostic markers (p53 and ki-67) and tumor histogenesis (citokeratin 14, 17 and 19) in KCOT associated or not to NBCCS diagnosed between 1970 and 2009 at AC Camargo Hospital (São Paulo). Patients and methods. Retrospective study which has evaluated 74 patients, being 60 not associated with NBCCS (Group 1) and 14 associated with NBCCS (Group 2). Clinical data of patients was obtained from medical charts and summarized into standardized records for this study. The patients of Group 1 presented 61 primary KCOT and 15 recurrent KCOT. Group 2 presented 31 primary KCOT and 8 recurrent KCOT. Results. In Group 1, patients was frequently affected in 3rd and 4th decades and Group 2, in 2nd decade (p = 0.02). According to gender, a predilection for females was observed in both groups (53.33% in Group 1 and 64.29% in Group 2).

The mandible was more affected in both Groups (81.96% in Group 1 e 58.06% in Group 2). However, the discrepancy regarding the distribution between mandible and maxilla was shorter in Group 2 (p = 0.009). Radiographic pattern more observed was multilocular in Group 1 (39.34%) and unilocular in Group 2 (48.39%) (p = 0.008). The treatment mostly performed was association of enucleation and curettage in both Groups (55.74% in Group 1 and 96.78 and Group 2). Recurrent rates were 21.31% in Group 1 and 22.58% in Group 2. Most clinical manifestations of NBCCS patient´s beyond KCOT were BCC, falx cerebri calcification and palmar pits. According to IHC analyses of Ck14, Ck 17, Ck19, p53 and ki-67, there were no differences of expression in all groups of KCOT evaluated. Conclusions. KCOT associated with NBCCS affects more commonly female individuals and in earlier age than in KCOT not related to NBCCS. Multiple KCOT were frequently observed in patients with NBCCS and consequently there was less discrepancy in relation to the distribution between maxilla and mandible. Multilocular pattern is more frequent in sporadic KCOT and unilocular in syndromic KCOT. Recurrence rates were similar in KCOT associated and not associated to NBCCS

A importância do cirurgião-dentista na detecção da síndrome de carcinoma nevoide basocelular: relato de caso / The importance of the dentist in the diagnosis of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome: case report

A Síndrome do Carcinoma Nevoide Basocelular (SCNBC), anteriormente conhecida pelo epônimo de Síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz, representa uma condição hereditária, autossômica dominante, de alta penetrância e expressividade variada. Caracteriza-se por alterações cutâneas, ósseas, dentárias, podendo afetar o sistema nervoso central e estruturas oculares. O desenvolvimento de múltiplos carcinomas basocelulares em idade precoce e a presença do tumor odontogênico ceratocístico são os achados clínicos mais frequentes. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo destacar a importância do cirurgião-dentista no diagnóstico da SCNBC, bem como relatar um caso clínico de uma paciente de nove anos de idade portadora desta condição.

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome with situs inversus: a rare case report / Síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz com situs inversus: relato de um caso raro

OBJECTIVE: To review the literature and present a case of Gorlin´s syndrome with situs inversus. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Together with the major features, a great number of processes considered as minor features have also been described in the Gorlin´s syndrome. The latter includes numerous skeletal, dermatology related and neurological anomalies among others. In the present clinical case many criteria allowed a diagnosis of Gorlin´s syndrome, but for the first time this unique finding of situs inversus is seen with this syndrome. CONCLUSION: However, further research is needed to confirm the association between situs inversus and Gorlin´s syndrome.

OBJETIVO: Revisar a literatura e apresentar um caso de síndrome de Gorlin com situs inversus. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Conjuntamente com os aspectos principais, um grande número de processos considerados menores têm sido descritos na síndrome de Gorlin. Entre outras, numerosas anomalias esqueletais, dermatológicas e neurológicas têm sido relatadas. No presente caso clínico, muitos critérios permitiram o diagnóstico da síndrome de Gorlin, porém, pela primeira vez relata-se a ocorrência deste achado único, o situs inversus. CONCLUSÃO: Entretanto, pesquisas adicionais são necessárias para confirmar a associação entre situs inversus e síndrome de Gorlin.

Queratoquistes múltiples asociados a síndromes: revisión de la literatura, reporte de tres casos clínicos / Syndrome-associated multiple keratocysts: a review of the literature and report of three clinical cases

El queratoquiste odontogénico constituye una entidad definida, con características histológicas y conducta biológica específica que permiten distinguirlos de otros quistesodontógenos productores de queratina. Se presentan en forma única o múltiple, la forma de presentación múltiple constituye uno de los criteriosmayores que obliga a la búsqueda deotras alteraciones asociadas que dan lugar a diferentes síndromes, siendo el más frecuente el Síndrome de Gorlin- Goltz´s. Se presentan tres casos de queratoquistes múltiples, describiendosus aspectos clínicos, radiográficos ehistopatológicos, realizando una breve revisión.

Jaw cyst-Basal cell nevus-Bifid rib syndrome: a case report.

Jaw cyst-Basal cell nevus-Bifid rib syndrome or Gorlin-Goltz syndrome involves multiple organ system. The most common findings include multiple odontogenic keratocysts in the jaws and basal cell nevus on the skin that have an early age onset. These multiple odontogenic keratocysts warrant aggressive treatment at the earliest because of the damage and possible complications associated with them. Recurrence in these lesions is the most characteristic feature that has to be taken in consideration while explaining the prognosis to the patient. A case report of a child affected with Gorlin-Goltz syndrome diagnosed, treated and followed at this hospital is presented here.

Síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz: presentación de dos casos clínicos / Gorlin-Goltz syndrome: report of two clinical cases

Existen muchos reportes en la literatura describiendo un raro síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz, síndrome névico de células basales (SNCB) y síndrome de carcinoma basocelular múltiple. Este sindrome fue descubierto por primera vez por Jarish y White en 1994; presenta una expresividad variable, tal es así que no todas las manifestaciones se encuentran en cada paciente. Las principales manifestaciones son: carcinomas basocelulares múltiples, calcificaciones de la hoz del cerebro, depresiones palmares o plantares y queratoquistes odontogénicos.

Queratoquistes múltiples, reporte de un caso familiar / Multiple keratocysts, report of a familial case

El artículo describió a tres miembros de una familia, que presentaron queratoquistes odontogénicos múltiples; posterior a los tratamientos quirúrgicos se presentaron dos recurrencias a un seguimiento de 6 años. Se diagnosticó el síndrome del carcinoma del nevo basocelular o síndrome de Gorlin y Goltz en estos tres pacientes, porque presentaron además nevos múltiples, defectos de fusión en vértebras cervicales y calcificación de la hoz del cerebro

Sindrome de Gorlin Goltz, síndrome de carcinoma basoceluar nevoide: su impacto en el área maxilofacial y cutánea / Gorlin Goltz syndrome, basal cell carcinoma syndrome: its impact on maxillofacial and cutaneous areas

El propósito de este artículo es reportar la presencia del síndrome de carcinoma basocelular nevoide (SCCBN) en todos los integrantes de una familia. Anteriormente a dicha enfermedad se la denominaba síndrome de Gorlin Goltz. El objetivo de este trabajo es alertar a los profesionales sobre el polimorfismo de la misma, la presencia de algunos elementos destacables en su orientación diagnóstica y analizar en detalle las alteraciones en el área maxilofacial, junto a una revisión bibliográfica.